| F&C uses its influence as one of Europe's largest shareholders to promote the adoption of better environmental, social and governance practices, where this can benefit shareholder value. In addition to applying this approach, known as the Responsible Engagement Overlay (reo®), to the funds it manages in-house, F&C applies reo® to a further £7 billion of funds managed by other investment institutions. F&C’s overall philosophy is embodied in its statement of ‘Responsible Ownership – Policy and Principles for Corporate Governance’, which is rooted in sound risk management, independence, appropriate incentives and transparency. Through its 15-strong Governance and Sustainable Investment Team, based in the UK and US, F&C has unrivalled resources for researching and engaging companies. Underlying this commitment are three principles that F&C follows: | |  |